Hospital air quality directly impacts patient safety. Operating rooms require particle-free air. Isolation wards require negative pressure. General patient areas require continuous air exchange. Air quality monitoring ensures HVAC effectiveness and protects vulnerable patients. Understanding PM2.5 and PM10 monitoring helps healthcare facilities select appropriate approaches. Protecting vulnerable patients from air pollution in hospitals outlines specific protection strategies. For broader context, real-time air quality monitoring for patient safety in healthcare provides guidance on documentation and compliance practices that support regulatory requirements and patient safety assurance.